The following defects should be detected and reported upon request: -Stray packets MAY be detected by the PSN and multiplexing layers. Stray packets MUST be discarded by the CE-bound IWF and their detection MUST NOT affect mechanisms for detection of packet loss. -Malformed packets are detected by mismatch between the expected packet size (taking the value of the L bit into account) and the actual packet size inferred from the PSN and multiplexing layers. Malformed in-order packets MUST be discarded by the CE-bound IWF and replacement data generated as for lost packets. -Excessive packet loss rate is detected by computing the average packet loss rate over the value of prvtPwVcTDMAvePktLossTimeWindow and comparing it with a preconfigured threshold [SATOP]. -Buffer overrun is detected in the normal operation state when the CE bound IWF's jitter buffer cannot accommodate newly arrived packets. -Remote packet loss is indicated by reception of packets with their R bit set. -Packet misorder is detected by looking at the Sequence number provided by the control word. -TDM Fault, if L bit in the control word is set, it indicates that TDM data carried in the payload is invalid due an attachment circuit fault. When the L bit is set the payload MAY be omitted in order to conserve bandwidth. Note: the algorithm used to capture these indications is implementation specific.